CONSTRUCTION OF THE LOAD-BEARING WALL
When constructing a load-bearing wall, vertical C-profiles are attached to the horizontal U-profile, bent to the base structure. At the top section, the C-profiles are re-closed with the U-profile. The length of the C-profiles determines the height of the load-bearing structure. The profiles are connected by self-cutting screws with a flat countersunk head at predetermined parts. The result is a particularly strong joint and a dimensionally precise construction. The load-bearing wall can be made from the profiles C75, C89 a C152 with a sheet metal thickness of 0.6-1.6 mm which ensures the optimization of steel consumption and optimization of the bearing construction. The distance of the load-bearing profiles is determined by the dimensions of the facing material. With overloaded walls, it is possible to thicken the profile raster or multiply it. The branching of load-bearing structure of steel thin-walled profiles is realized through diagonal C-profiles. Their position and quantity are determined by the statics. The load-bearing structure is covered, both from the outside and the inside, with a cladding material, which also contributes to the insertion of the bearing structure, creating a structure capable of withstanding horizontal loads. The construction of the load-bearing walls respects the functionality of the building, fire resistance, acoustics and energy efficiency, accomplishing usability requirement. The location and shape of the frame construction are clearly defined in the construction documentation. Since the profile heads are machine-prepared, the width of the steel structure has space required for the screw heads.
CONSTRUCTION OF NON-LOAD-BEARING WALL
When constructing a non-load bearing wall, vertical C-profiles are attached to the horizontal U-profile, bent to the base structure. At the top section, the C-profiles are re-closed with the U-profile.Profiles are connected to each other by self-cutting screws with a flat countersunk head at predetermined parts. The result is a particularly strong joint and a dimensionally precise construction. The non-load-bearing wall can be made from C75, C89 and C152 profiles with a sheet metal thickness of 0.6mm, taking the acoustic requirements for the beam, which ensures optimization of steel consumption and therefore the price of the bar.Non-load bearing walls can be made simultaneously with the load-bearing walls of the structure.A non-load bearing wall can be dismantled and moved at any time, the profile spacing is determined with respect to the dimensions of the facing material. The reinforcement of the holes in the non-bearing walls is realized with the same profile, such as a non-load-bearing profile, with a higher sheet thickness.When the demands of the non-load bearing wall are increased, from the carrying capacity,acoustics, thermal andfire resistance point of view, it is possible to change the profile, increase the thickness of the sheet, reduce the distance of the profiles or combine these options.
CONNECTION OF THE WALL CONSTRUCTIONS
Wall connections may have L, T or X shape, and the walls may not be perpendicular to each other. They ensure a solid interconnection of individual panels from thin-walled profiles as well as the covering structure.
Top wall profile
Top wall profile fulfils the function. It transfers the local load to the wall below it, so that the load is evenly distributed into the wall profiles below and reliably carried forward to the base joint. Depending on the size of the top wall profile load (number of storeys and the size of holes above the top wall profile), it is possible to make top wall profiles from two or more C152 and U152 profilesor a truss designed to transfer this load
CELING CONSTRUCTION
C-profiles C152 with sheet metal thickness of 1,6 mm are used to make the ceiling construction. Trustswith predetermined distances, which are determined with respect to the ceiling spread and the size of the load considered. The floor beams can be made simple or continuous.This type of beam construction can be used in console constructions.Floor layers are placed above the steel frame structure, while the acoustic insulation is also placed between the ceiling beams. Floor composition is designed according to thermal insulation, acoustic and fire requirements.Ceiling beams are attached at the ends to the top wall profiles. The top part of the ceiling beams is covered with a supporting layer of sufficient thickness, which, together ensures the stability of the ceiling beams.The thickness of the floor support layer depends on the distance of the ceiling beamsof the load consideration. Upper floor wall constructions are screwed to the floor support layer, ideal in the parts of ceiling beams.If the overall thickness of the ceiling structure is preferred,it is necessary tobe definedin the project documentation. Base on a requirement, it is possible to design a lower height of the ceiling beams, reducing their axial distance and achieving the same bearing capacity of the ceiling at its lower total thickness.
ROOF CONSTRUCTION – Non-habitat attic
In case of the non-habitat attic, the roof structure is a design from dams, which can be made from all of the offered profiles(C75, C89 a C152) and (0,6-1,6 mm) thickness of the sheet.). The systems of each building design from specific building requirements, because many variables come into their design (range, snow area, wind disposition, roof slope, covering type,the axial distance of the beam wall etc.) The main goal is optimal design, which minimizes the costs associated with the realization of the roof. There is no restriction on the choice of roofing type.
ROOF CONSTRUCTION- HABITAT-ATTIC
In case of habitat attic, the roof structure is proposed from a combination of dam beams and thin-walled profiles frames and dams, which can be made fromthe offered profiles (C75, C89 a C152) with the thickness of the sheet (0,6- 1,6 mm). The systems of each building design from specific building requirements, because many variables come into their design (range, snow area, wind disposition, roof slope, covering type,the axial distance aboutthe axial distance of the beam wall etc.) The main goal is optimal design, which minimizes the costs associated with the realization of the roof. There is no restriction on the choice of roofing type.
FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION
The steel thin-walled construction profiles are characterized by its lightweights and they don’t require massive foundations. Their own weight is a fraction of the actual weight of buildings from ordinary materials, resulting in further cost savings on the construction.
The building can be based on the following types of foundations:
-foundation belt
-reinforced iron concrete foundation on the subbsoil grave
-fibre reinforced concrete slab
-the foundation of dry construction
-reinforced concrete ceiling (if it is a superstructure), etc.
The most optimal type of foundation is determined based on building parameters, underlay. Increased attention needs to be given to the foundation construction, since the construction of steel thin-walled profiles is very precise, manufactured in the production hall.Steel profiles have pre-assembled ends for fast assembly without drilling and demanding, often is impossible to make changes on the building site.Maximum allowable deviation of the foundation is ± 2,5 mm at horizontal parts. For temporary and permanent joints of the structure splinters and steel anchors are used. Chemical and mechanical anchors are used for jointing concrete or aerted concrete.
PLINTH
The type of plinth construction depends on the type of plinth surface and on the type of exterior walls. It is recommended to insulate the plinth with thermal insulation if the building is heated.
CONCLUSION
Lightweight construction made of thin-walled steel profiles is a solution not only for new buildings but also for renovations, especially for superstructures due to its lightweight. This type of construction has a fast realization.
After finishing the foundation base, the realization of the construction ofsteel thin-walled profile according to its complexity takes from one to three months.
